![]() How do I purchase Chick-fil-A gift cards in bulk?īusinesses, churches, schools, and organizations with an EIN number should visit to register to purchase bulk Chick-fil-A physical or eGift cards online. Gift Cards are for use at participating Chick-fil-A restaurants in the United States or Canada, depending on the country the card was purchased in, and as noted on the back of the card.ĮGift Cards are for use at participating Chick-fil-A restaurants in the U.S. Gift Cards and eGift Cards may not be accepted at all Chick-fil-A Express™ or Chick-fil-A licensed locations (such as airports, college campuses, office complexes, and hospitals, etc.) Gift Cards and eGift Cards also may be added to the Chick-fil-A App. Where can I use my Chick-fil-A™ Gift Card?Ĭhick-fil-A™ Gift Cards and Chick-fil-A™ eGift Cards (including gift cards transferred to the Chick-fil-A ® App) can be used for purchases of food, beverages, and merchandise, other than gift cards, at participating Chick-fil-A ® restaurants. Chick-fil-A™ Gift Cards and Chick-fil-A™ eGift Cards do not have an expiration date or carry fees. You may also purchase additional gift card funds directly in the Chick-fil-A App.ĮGift Cards, and Gift Cards purchased from authorized third-party retailers, are not reloadable. You may add money to an existing physical Chick-fil-A™ Gift Card purchased from a Chick-fil-A restaurant at any time by visiting such location. Your request will be reviewed for eligibility, and you will be contacted if additional information is needed. Download this printable Chick-fil-A Gift Card Replacement Form, then mail or email the completed document to the address provided on the form. To determine if your lost, stolen or non-activated Chick-fil-A™ Gift Card can be replaced, you will need the sales receipt and/or activation receipt (copies or pictures are acceptable). How do I replace a damaged, lost, stolen or non-activated Chick-fil-A™ Gift Card? The sale of gift cards for Chick-fil-A online by third-party websites (other than websites operated by approved retailers) is prohibited, and cards purchased through non-approved online third-party sellers may not be honored by Chick-fil-A restaurants. Note: Most Chick-fil-A Express™ and licensed Chick-fil-A locations, such as music venues, baseball stadiums, airports or universities, do not sell or accept gift cards with some exceptions, as listed:Ĭhick-fil-A is not affiliated with any websites buying or selling gift cards for Chick-fil-A at a discounted price. To learn how to purchase a Chick-fil-A™ eGift Card, visit. Gift Cards may also be purchased at many of the places you shop every day, like grocery stores, pharmacies and other large retailers. ![]() Find your nearest restaurant by clicking here. Where can I purchase a Chick-fil-A™ Gift Card or a Chick-fil-A™ eGift Card?Ĭhick-fil-A™ Gift Cards are available for purchase in any amount between $5 and $100 at participating Chick-fil-A ® restaurant locations. ![]() Both cards can be transferred to your Chick-fil-A ® App for redemption or redeemed directly at any participating Chick-fil-A location. ![]() What is the difference between a Chick-fil-A™ Gift Card and a Chick-fil-A™ eGift Card?Ī Chick-fil-A™ eGift Card is an electronic or virtual gift card sent by email, as opposed to a Chick-fil-A™ Gift Card, which is a traditional physical (plastic or paper) gift card. ![]()
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![]() Our lodge houses a Social Quarters which include a full kitchen and bars for the benefit of our members and guests. W e actively participate and support all Grand Lodge programs and fundraising efforts. we offer at our lodge we are part of the West Central district and New Jersey State. We have numerous charity programs that benefit veterans, youth, those with special needs as well as those who are struggling with their daily lives. Our focus and proudest moments are when we are working in our community. See restaurant menus, reviews, ratings, phone number, address, hours. Member only meetings are held on the 2nd & 4th Thursdays, 7 p.m.(sharp). View the menu for Elks Bpo 1896 Lodge Office and restaurants in Wildwood, NJ. Our lodge was issued its charter in April 1953 and is the 1st NJ Lodge to reach over 6000 members. North Jersey Elks Developmental Disabilities Agency (NJEDDA) is a Clifton, NJ-based non-profit providing a wide range of special education services, therapies. View your county's specific calendar of events by clicking one of the shortcut links below.The Greater Wildwood Elks Lodge #1896 is a member only organization located in the Anglesea district of historic Cape May County. The Elks Lodge in freehold holds their bike night every 2nd Thursday from May through September. Want a listing of this weekend's events delivered to your mailbox each week? Visit our newsletter sign up form to sign up for our Jersey Family Fun Events newsletter. Montgomery Townships PCR COVID-19 testing program continues at the Princeton Elks Lodge, 2129 at 354 Route 518, Skillman, NJ 08558 (Blawenburg section). Jersey Family Fun does not put on these events, we only help with the promotion of them.ĭon't you want families to know about your events in NJ? For information on having your event listed and advertised on the Jersey Family Fun Calendar of New Jersey Events, please visit our event submission directions. Jersey Family Fun is not liable for errors, omissions, or changes to calendar event listings.įor more specific information on any event please contact the event organizer directly. The Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks ( BPOE also often known as the Elks Lodge or simply The Elks) is an American fraternal order founded in 1868, originally as a social club in New York City. The Elk who proposes you for membership must obtain a Membership Application from the Lodge Secretary or Membership Chairperson at a regular meeting. You also need two other Elks who will be your co-sponsors. Please note all events are subject to change without notice. You must be sponsored by a member of the Elks Lodge and reside in the jurisdiction of the Lodge you wish to join. We serve the municipalities of Egg Harbor Twp., Hamilton Twp., Northfield, Linwood, Somers Point, Ocean City and Upper Twp. 2023-2024 Exalted Ruler Toni Severini Grill Room Hours of Operation Weekdays and Weekends - 12PM til -> Also: There will be Friday Night Dinners in the Grill Room from 6:00pm to 8:00pm. ![]() We do our best to provide the most relevant and timely information to our readers.Įvents are posted on Jersey Family Fun with information from various sources as well as submissions from local businesses. Welcome to the Virtual Home Page of Egg Harbor Township Elks Lodge 2563. We are located at 1 Elks Trail in Warren Township across the street from the rescue squad and police department. Welcome to the Brick Elks Lodge 2151 Home Page. ![]() Price is 12 per person and there is always some. Each Friday the lodge offers a hearty meal for all to enjoy. Events are sometimes canceled or postponed, before heading out please double check with the event organizer for current times and additional information. Elks Friday Night Dinner and Entertainment. ![]() ![]() ![]() While there are both free and paid keto apps on the market, learn which features are available without a premium subscription. You'll also want to make sure you can add in your own recipes into the app, especially if you'll be cooking your own keto-friendly meals. Some apps have meals from restaurants already logged so you can easily add them to your daily tracker. If you're using a keto app to track your macros and all food intake, you'll want to make sure that the app you choose has a large and growing library of foods to help you efficiently log your meals. ![]() ![]() For example, if you're looking to lose weight, choose an app that provides personalized nutrition coaching and weight tracking. ![]() If you're looking to achieve certain goals-whether you want to lose weight, improve health concerns, or track your habits-it's important that the app you choose has the features to support you on your journey. Keep these factors in mind when looking for a keto app. While there are many keto apps out there, choosing the best one for you depends on your own individual health and wellness goals. We also love MyMacros+ because of its food database, which keeps you accurate in your meal logging. Carb Manager’s comprehensive approach allows you to track detailed fitness information, keeping you informed of your progress. We think the most important thing to pay attention to when starting a keto diet is your macros by keeping a detailed food diary. Our favorite apps on this list are Carb Manager and MyMacros+. Whether you’re new to a ketogenic diet or have been maintaining a keto lifestyle for some time, the best keto apps can greatly assist you in tracking your macros and keeping you on the path to reaching your health goals. We’ve listed the best keto apps to help you follow this diet below. Apps can help you plan your meals and strategically track your food intake. You may find your grocery bills increasing as you add in more protein and fewer carbs, but there are ways to save money while shopping for a keto lifestyle. Starting the keto diet may require a bit of an investment. The math can be hard to figure out, but there are a lot of apps out there to help you track your macronutrients (often called macros), or your percentage of fats, carbs, and proteins to give you awesome meal ideas to find community encouragement when things get tough and more. Typically, those following a keto diet consume 70% to 75% of their calories from fat, 5% to 10% of calories from carbohydrates, and the rest from protein. Keto diet followers may want to steer clear of oils high in polyunsaturated omega-6 fats, such as soy, corn, cottonseed, and safflower, which are less healthy than the fat sources listed above. Fatty fish, avocados, nuts, and olive oil are all sources of healthy fats that are ideal for the keto diet. While high fat may seem intimidating and even counter-productive, it’s important to remember that some fats are better for your body than others. Ketogenic eating encourages the body to burn fat (including belly fat), as opposed to glucose, by avoiding carbs and focusing on a high-fat diet. The keto diet (or ketogenic diet) has become popular in recent years. ![]() ![]() ![]() Maybe you’re not looking for Branson vacation packages full of chases and excitement. Alternatively, take in White Water a fun-filled romp in over 2 million gallons of water. It also features the raft ride drop in the Western Hemisphere. Maybe you’d prefer dinner and a splash? Mystic River Falls offers an unforgettable opportunity to sample delicious local cuisine on a half-mile river trip. So you’re looking for something to really blow your hair back? Silver Dollar City, Branson’s famous 1880s amusement park features the Time Traveler, the steepest, longest, fastest turn-and-roll track in the world. There’s also access to Branson’s amazing theme parks, bars, and local attractions! As one of the best cities in the country for world-class entertainment, there’s literally always something to do. With Branson vacation packages, there’s more to your trip than “just” the incredible hotel and amenities available when you arrive. The amenities include air-conditioning, alarm clock, satellite TV with remote control, VCR or DVD player, coffee maker, refrigerator, microwave, telephone, hairdryer, and iron and ironing board. The hotel offers a studio, one or two bedroom condo fully equipped with all the comforts of home. ![]() It also has access to every major road and back road so one can arrive anywhere in Branson, Missouri within minutes.ĭiscount Branson Missouri vacation packages allow guests to enjoy the huge indoor pool and hot tub, full service marina, 24-hours front desk, fitness center, tennis, basketball, shuffleboard, and much, much more. It is conveniently located near six major shows and attractions, great outlet shopping, and numerous restaurants. The Suites at Fall Creek are conveniently located at the junction of Highway 165 and Fall Creek Road. The Suites At Fall Creek | Branson Missouri: Layaway this vacation and Book your vacation NOW! CLICK HERE for Vacation Layaway details.Surcharges may apply on certain weekends or holidays. ![]() Additional Nights available for a low discounted rate.The Suites at Fall Creek for only $99 for 4 Days and 3 Nights.Your Branson, MO Resort Vacation Package Special Includes: ![]() ![]() ![]() However, since it is within a 30-year time span it is still considered "restricted" to share it openly. Thankfully, the document, which seems to be a file that was a part of the F-16's manual, has been around long enough that it is no longer a part of classified status. RELATED: Multiple Valve Games Suffer Extensive Assets Leak With Never Before Seen Maps, Models, And More The document this user posted, which has now been deleted by the site's mods, was in regard to the "control panel" of the plane and had to do with its abilities while in the testing phase of its development, and the "AMRAAM" air-to-air missile the plane uses. The user in question, spacenavy90, made a post on January 16th in the War Thunder forum on the discussion of the history and abilities of the F-16. This is the second time a major leak of controlled military documents has surfaced from a War Thunder player. He wrote in November that he would “kill a (expletive) ton of people” if he had his way, because it would be “culling the weak minded.” He also used his government computer in July to look up mass shootings, searching terms such as “Mandalay Bay shooting” and “Uvalde,” prosecutors said.Īuthorities have provided few details about an alleged possible motive, but accounts of those in the online private chat group where the documents were disclosed have depicted Teixeira as motivated more by bravado than ideology.Īttorney General Merrick Garland said in a statement last week that Teixeira was entrusted with information “that reasonably could be expected to cause exceptionally grave damage to national security if shared.A War Thunder player has leaked confidential military documents in relation to the United State's F-16 fighter jet. Justice Department lawyers revealed in earlier court filings that Teixeira had a history of disturbing online remarks. After being admonished by superiors last year, he was again seen in February viewing information not related to the intelligence field, not his primary duty, according to internal Air National Guard memos filed in court. Prosecutors say he continued to leak government secrets even after he was warned by superiors about mishandling and improper viewing of classified information. Teixeira worked as a a “cyber transport systems specialist,” essentially an IT specialist responsible for military communications networks. Investigators believe he was the leader of an private chat group called Thug Shaker Central, where enthusiasts shared jokes, talked about their favorite types of guns and discussed wars, including Russia’s invasion of Ukraine.Īuthorities say Teixeira, who enlisted in the Air National Guard in 2019, began around January sharing military secrets with other Discord users - first by typing out classified documents and then sharing photographs of files that bore SECRET and TOP SECRET markings. Teixeira is accused of sharing classified military documents about Russia’s war in Ukraine and other sensitive national security topics on Discord, a social media platform popular with people playing online games. Teixeira’s attorney has said his client “will answer the charges” and “will be judged by his fellow citizens.” In pushing for his release, Teixeira’s attorneys argued that the government isn’t alleging Teixeira ever intended that the information be widely disseminated. “We are hopeful that Jack will be getting the fair and just treatment he deserves.” “The important thing is Jack will now have his day in court,” they said. ![]() Teixeira’s family said in a statement Wednesday that they “remain committed as ever” to supporting him. The leak left the Biden administration scrambling to assess and contain the damage among the international community and reassure allies that its secrets are safe with the U.S. A magistrate judge ruled last month that Teixeira must remain in jail while the case plays out, saying that releasing him would pose a risk that he would attempt to flee the country or obstruct justice. Teixeira, of North Dighton, has been behind bars since his April arrest on charges stemming from the most consequential intelligence leak in years. ![]() The judge also denied a defense request to reconsider his detention order. He stood at the defense table next to his lawyers and leaned over to say “not guilty, your honor” into the microphone after the judge read each count. Handcuffed and wearing orange jail garb, Teixeira smiled at family seated in the gallery at the start of the hearing. Each count is punishable by up to 10 years in prison. Teixeira, 21, entered the pleas during a hearing in Worcester’s federal court days after he was indicted by a grand jury on six counts of willful retention and transmission of national defense information. ![]() ![]() ![]() People familiar with the tax plans say it's still possible that House leaders will seek to change the SALT limits in future proposals. Repealing the SALT cap would largely benefit high earners in high-tax states, some of whom saw tax increases under the 2017 tax plan because they could no longer deduct as much of their state and local taxes. Hawaii could face combined rates of 57.4%.Īt the same time, there is no indication that the House plan includes a repeal or changes to the current $10,000 cap in state and local tax deductions. 5 Among other reforms, Idaho’s legislature reduced the state’s corporate income tax from 6.925 percent to 6.0 percent. However, this reduction was only temporary, and the rate returned to 5.5 percent as of January 1. Top earning Californians would face a combined marginal rate of 59.7%, while those in New Jersey would face a combined rate of 57.2%. Florida’s corporate tax rate dropped to 3.353 percent in 2021 because its net income tax revenues exceeded projections that year. Yet the combined rates for New York City would be among the highest in nearly 40 years. The House plan is still a proposal and could change. So New York City taxpayers who earn more than $5 million a year would face a combined city, state and federal marginal rate of 61.2% under the House plan. In New York City, the combined top marginal state and city tax rate is 14.8%. The marginal rate is the rate for every dollar above the tax bracket income threshold. An individuals tax liability varies according to his or her. ![]() The result is a top marginal federal income tax rate of 46.4%. New York utilized a personal income tax rate ranging from 4 percent to 8.82 percent in 2017. Rates kick in at different income levels, depending on your filing status. New York has a 4.00 percent state sales tax rate, a max local sales tax rate of 4.875. Personal Loans for 670 Credit Score or Lower If you earn between 43,000 and 161,550, your tax rate will decrease from 6.09 to 5.97 For those earning between 161,550 and 323,200, your rates will go. New York City has nine tax brackets ranging from 4 to 10.9. New York has a 6.50 percent to 7.25 percent corporate income tax rate. The Citys 2022 tax rate is 11.370000 per 1,000 of assessed valuation. You’ll see, they are grouped by two different filers: one, the resident IT-201 Filer, and the Non- or Part-time resident, who use the IT-203 tax form. The Citys 2021 tax rate is 11.370831 per 1,000 of assessed valuation. ![]() Personal Loans for 580 Credit Score or Lower NY tax rates vary between 4 and 8.82, depending on your filing status and adjusted gross income. If you want a sales tax identification number in New York, you need to apply for it from the New York State Department of Taxation and Finance. Best Debt Consolidation Loans for Bad Credit ![]() ![]() ![]() We carry a wide array of brand name tires at low prices. And a likely culprit are your tires that are in dire need of being rotated. Find a tire size that fits your 2004 Pontiac Vibe 4 Dr Wagon GT. In all likelihood, your car is actually doing that. If your tires are due for a rotation, it might feel like your car is pulling to the left or to the right all the time. Customize your search at above by entering the tire size. If they’re doing so unevenly - say, the right tires are wearing out far faster than the left ones, or the front tires look much different than the rear ones - that’s a sure sign that it’s time to rotate those things. Find the best tire for your PONTIAC VIBE 2004 VIBE GT 1.8 VVT-I 180 in the PONTIAC tires catalog. VIBE GT: 16-INCH / HATCHBACK: 2003 - 2006: 80 lb-ft: Share Share Link. 2004 - 2006: 100 lb-ft: GTO: ALL / COUPE/CONV: 1964 - 1972: 80 lb-ft: LEMANS: 3 DOOR / LE/VL: 1988 - 1993: 65 lb-ft: MONTANA. 2004 Pontiac Vibe original tires worn out by 24000 miles, second set had severe vibration unable to fix and worn out 38K, dealer aligned and put in shim. The entire purpose of a rotation is to help the tread of your tires wear and tear evenly. Find specifications for the lug nut tightening torque for all Pontiac models. Menu and options Makes 150+ Wheel Fitment Data. Select the model year or vehicle generation to narrow your search for tire size data. You can follow that scheduled maintenance, or you can ignore it, and pay for new tires a lot sooner. Pontiac Vibe - Wheel size, PCD, offset, and other specifications such as bolt pattern, thread size (THD), center bore (CB) for all model years Pontiac Vibe. With this information in hand, you can give your 2004 Pontiac Vibe the great care it deserves. ![]() Youll also see the Pontiac-approved maintenance schedule for Vibe filter changes, tire rotation intervals, safety inspections, and more. Your manufacturer may mandate that rotation schedule, but if not, wherever you get your tires installed will. Select your Vibe trim to view all sorts of 2004 Pontiac Vibe battery, tire, oil, and brake information. In this case, the sidewall height works out to be 112 millimeters. In other words, your tires sidewall height (from the edge of the rim to the tires tread) is 55 of the width. /rebates/2fen-US2ftires2fPontiac2fVibe2f20042fStandard2f55220&. This number means that your tire has an aspect ratio of 55. When’s the last time you cracked open your owner’s manual and looked into rotating your tires? You should rotate your tires on a schedule. This number indicates that your tire has a width of 205 millimeters. ![]() ![]() ![]() Then select Sign In or Subscribe Now from the upper-right corner. Instead, go to in your computer’s browser. Is there a PC app for HBO?Ī browser on a computer (Mac, PC, and Chromebook) There is no need to install an app. To see if the problem has been resolved, turn on your computer, go to, and watch a video. Reconnect your router’s power and wait for it to reconnect to the internet. Disconnect your network devices from the power source (modem, router, etc.). Restart your computer after closing all apps. Allow autoplay for the website in your browser’s settings. Update your browser to the most recent version if it is supported. See the list of browsers that are supported. Make sure you’re using a browser that’s compatible. Tap the Download button once you’ve arrived at the overview page and wait for the download to begin. Tap on the TV show or movie you want to download from the search results. Here are the steps to download movies and TV shows from HBO Max, whether you’re using an Android or iOS device: Sign in to your account using the mobile app. How do I get HBO Max to work on my laptop? Under the Downloads tab in your profile, you can see what you’ve downloaded. To save it to your device, go to the appropriate page in the app and tap Download. How do I download HBO Max shows on my computer?ĭownload to View Offline HBO Max, like other video-streaming services, allows users to download content for offline viewing. To install HBO Max, complete Google Sign-in (if you skipped step 2). From the search results, select HBO Max to install. Using the search bar in the top-right corner, look for HBO Max. To access the Play Store, complete Google Sign-in now or later. If you need to register, see How do I register? Sign in to the HBO Max app on your Amazon Fire TV device. Go to and sign in to stream on your computer. Let’s read and find out more about HBO Max, including pricing, membership plans, and how to get HBO Max free trial. We will cover how to watch HBO Max shows and movies on your laptop and PC in this article. So curl up in your favorite pajamas and browse through our curated hubs, which include DC, Sesame Workshop, Classics curated by TCM, the Cartoon Network Collection, and more.Īre you interested in learning more about HBO Max? The streaming giant has enough content to keep everyone in the house entertained, from hit movies and documentaries to comedy specials and more. HBO Max has something for everyone in your family with unlimited access to thousands of hours of entertainment. ![]() HBO NOW is a good official app from HBO that lets subscribers enjoy a fantastic viewing experience.HBO Max is a top-class streaming service that includes all of HBO’s content as well as there is more to watch TV shows, blockbuster films, and exclusive Max Originals. And, again, in high-def streaming and with different audio and subtitle options. You won't have all of today's premieres, but ALMOST all of them. In addition to all the HBO series, the app lets you access a wide variety of recently released movies. With it you can stream TV shows like Game of Thrones, The Sopranos, True Detective, The Wire, and Curb Your Enthusiasm in high-def – all in their original version and with subtitles as needed. In terms of content, HBO NOW is an app that's hard to beat. As always, to access the app you'll need to have an account with the service and also have paid the subscription for US residents, otherwise the app is useless. HBO NOW is an app from HBO that lets you access all its content from your Android, whether it's a smartphone or a tablet. ![]() ![]() ![]() Years ago, phone cleaning apps were a complete necessity. Do you still need a phone cleaning app today? ![]() However, when you download all the apps and try them out individually, only then you can make the distinction between them. It is important to remember that some of the best phone cleaning app functions pretty much the same way, so there’s no real advantage to having one app over the other. The unnecessary files that are crowding your phone will be deleted for good, giving you the much needed peace of mind with your phone. We’re going to talk about five apps that will help you cleanup your Android device and cleanup some space while you’re at it. Keeping this in mind, it’s important to pick the best apps out there. Because as most of you probably know, most of these apps that offer to cleanup your device, end up causing more clutter on your device. But it’s always wise to do your due diligence before you download an app. Thanks to the versatility of the Android platform, there are apps out there that help you get rid of the unnecessary junk from your smartphone or tablet. This isn’t necessarily the fault of the user or the manufacturer, but of some bad apps that eat up too much of your RAM. If you are interested to develop Android app then feel free to contact us.Given the kind of options we have on our smartphones these days, it’s more than likely that most of our Android phones run slow after a few months of activation. It improves battery health and monitors the usage of the device by operating the constant cleaning function and managing the malware and possible threats. Hence, it’s necessary to install a phone cleaner for android to improve the performance of your android device. It is necessary to delete the unwanted cache files and images. Here is a list of some of the efficient and best android cleaner app 2022 for Android devices. It manually monitors the junk and duplicate files in your device and boosts the android clean performance by emptying up the memory space. It empowers the advanced cleaning option to experience the automated and best cleaning solution. While all the junk cleaning applications are quite advanced functioning and attain specific features, we recommend using SD Maid. One tap cleaning and performance-boosting functionsĬheckout More: Mobile Application Ideas for Startups.Monitors the battery usage and constant cleaning function to improve the battery health.Power clean-up function for junk files, images, and applications.Below we will discuss some user-friendly and best android phone cleaner app. There are plenty of cache cleaners active today for the active and consistent cleaning of the apps. Read More: Best Headless Ecommerce Platforms 2023 ![]() The cache cleaner Android app finds the background running application, junk files, duplicates, etc., and removes them to clear the junk and free up the memory space. The working of the android app is a remote procedure, and from the user’s perspective, it’s a one-touch process. How do Android Cache Cleaners work?Ĭache cleanup android has become quite necessary to maintain your device’s battery health and performance. It manages to remember the recently visited browser pages and rectifies certain browser errors. The cache cleaner for Android maintains the personal security of the information stored in the Android device. Why are Cache Cleaners Important?Ĭache cleaners are important for every Android device as plenty of junk files and piled-up applications impact the performance of your smart device. It removes the unwanted junk by phone cleaner for android which empties up the memory space piled up by junk files and applications. The cache cleaner operates this task as an undercover operation which eventually improves the functioning and performance of your Android Phone. The cache cleaner apps are a cleaning solution that helps remove unwanted files on Android phones. ![]() I mentioned that the benzene fingers are a series of overtone and combination bands, and then spent the rest of the column explaining what those are. In part I of this series (2), we discovered that there is a series of overtone and combination bands between 20 cm -1 that I call the benzene fingers, that are another tool to distinguish substituted benzene rings from each other. For example, both mono- and meta-isomers have the ring bend present and have C-H wagging peaks between 770 and 750 cm -1. However, we discovered that under certain circumstances Table I is not sufficient to distinguish the four structures in question from each other. These peak positions are summarized in Table I. In an earlier installment (1), I introduced the chemical structures and nomenclature for mono- and disubstituted benzene rings, and showed how the presence or absence of the ring bend at 690 ± 10 cm -1 and the position of the out-of-plane aryl C-H wag together can be used to distinguish mono-, ortho-, meta-, and para-isomers from each other. We also review the benzene finger patterns for mono-, ortho-, meta-, and para-substituted benzene rings, and describe an easy mnemonic in which you use your fingers to help you remember the patterns. ![]() ![]() Here, we show that the benzene fingers are a series of overtone and combination bands that can be used to distinguish substituted benzene rings from each other when other methods do not work. With the theoretical background of benzene analysis laid out in part I of this series, we now know what fundamental, overtone, and combination bands look like. ![]() |
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